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Around 11% of American women, along with non-binary, transgender and gender-fluid individuals, suffer from endometriosis. The condition is characterized by symptoms such as severe cramps, heavy menstrual periods, immense bloating and pain during bowel movements or urination. Several celebrities, including Chrissy Teigen, Amy Schumer, Lena Dunham and Padma Lakshmi, have opened up about their experiences with the disease, aiding in reducing the associated stigma.
Although there isn’t a cure for endometriosis yet, the symptoms can be managed through medication, surgery and lifestyle changes, with a focus on dietary adjustments. Jessica Horwitz, a certified family nurse practitioner and the Chief Clinical Officer at Tia, a national women’s healthcare clinic, explains that endometriosis is a complicated inflammatory condition where endometrial-like tissue is found outside the uterus, leading to scarring and adhesion in the pelvic area.
Diet modifications could alleviate symptoms, but it must be noted that this is not a one-size-fits-all solution, warns Dr. Daniel Ginn, Assistant Clinical Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University of California, Los Angeles. He further explains that specific food intolerances, such as lactose and gluten, can escalate symptoms in some individuals.
The top foods and drinks to avoid, if experiencing endometriosis, include High FODMAP foods [Fermentable Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides and Polyols] (such as nutrient-rich fruits like apples and cherries, vegetables like cauliflower and garlic, legumes, dairy and gluten), lactose and gluten, trans fats, red meat and alcohol.
Dietitian Amanda Frankeny highlights that these carbohydrates, often unabsorbable in those with food sensitivities, can trigger bloating, gas and other intestinal issues. As per Dr. Ginn, it is beneficial to moderate certain foods rather than eliminating them altogether. It’s necessary to check with a doctor before making any dietary changes to assess what may and may not trigger the symptoms.
Furthermore, studies have found that more than three servings of dairy can lower the risk of developing endometriosis. In contrast, regular consumption of trans fats and sugar, red meat and alcohol can significantly escalate inflammation and risk of endometriosis. However, dietary changes should be made under the supervision of a doctor or registered dietitian.
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